History of the Catholic Church

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See also: History of Christianity

Catholic doctrine teaches that the Catholic Church was founded by Jesus Christ. It interprets the Confession of Peter as acknowledging Christ's designation of Apostle Peter and his successors to be the temporal head of his Church. Thus, it asserts that the Bishop of Rome has the sole legitimate claim to Petrine authority and the primacy due to the Roman Pontiff.^[1] The Catholic Church claims legitimacy for its bishops and priests via the doctrine of apostolic succession and authority of the Pope via the unbroken line of popes, claimed as successors to Simon Peter.^[2][3][4][5]
In 313, the struggles of the Early Church were lessened by the legalisation of Christianity by the Emperor Constantine I. In 380, Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire by the decree of the Emperor, which would persist until the fall of the Western Empire, and later, with the Eastern Roman Empire, until the Fall of Constantinople. During this time (the period of the Seven Ecumenical Councils) there were considered five primary sees according to Eusebius: Rome, Constantinople, Antioch, Jerusalem and Alexandria, known as the Pentarchy.
After the destruction of the western Roman Empire, the church in the West was a major factor in the preservation of classical civilization, establishing monasteries, and sending missionaries to convert the peoples of northern Europe, as far as Ireland in the north. In the East, the Byzantine Empire preserved Orthodoxy, well after the massive invasions of Islam in the mid-7th century. The invasions of Islam devastated three of the five Patriarchal sees, capturing Jerusalem first, then Alexandria, and then finally in the mid-8th century, Antioch.
The whole period of the next five centuries was dominated by the struggle between Christianity and Islam throughout the Mediterranean Basin. The battles of Poitiers, and Toulouse preserved the Catholic west, even though Rome itself was ravaged in 850, and Constantinople besieged.
In the 11th century, already strained relations between the primarily Greek church in the East, and the Latin church in the West, developed into the East-West Schism, partially due to conflicts over Papal Authority. The fourth crusade, and the sacking of Constantinople by renegade crusaders proved the final breach.
In the 16th century, in response to the Protestant Reformation, the Church engaged in a process of substantial reform and renewal known as the Counter-Reformation.^[6] In subsequent centuries, Catholicism spread widely across the world despite experiencing a reduction in its hold on European populations due to the growth of Protestantism and also because of religious scepticism during and after the Enlightenment. The Second Vatican Council in the 1960s introduced the most significant changes to Catholic practices since the Council of Trent three centuries before.

Contents

• 1 Church beginnings
  • 1.1 Origins
  • 1.2 Persecutions
• 2 Late antiquity
• 3 Middle Ages
  • 3.1 Early Middle Ages
  • 3.2 High Middle Ages
• 4 Renaissance and reforms
  • 4.1 Discoveries and Missionaries
  • 4.2 Renaissance Church
  • 4.3 Reformation Era wars
  • 4.4 England
  • 4.5 Council of Trent
• 5 Baroque, Enlightenment and revolutions
  • 5.1 Church in North America
  • 5.2 Church in South America
  • 5.3 Jesuits in India
  • 5.4 Jesuits in China
  • 5.5 Jesuit existence
  • 5.6 French Revolution
  • 5.7 Africa
• 6 Industrial age
  • 6.1 First Vatican Council
  • 6.2 Social teachings
  • 6.3 Mariology
  • 6.4 Anti-clericalism
  • 6.5 Dictatorships
    • 6.5.1 Italy
    • 6.5.2 Austria and Nazi Germany
  • 6.6 World War II
• 7 Post-Industrial age
  • 7.1 Second Vatican Council
  • 7.2 Reforms
  • 7.3 Theology
    • 7.3.1 Modernism
    • 7.3.2 Liberation theology
  • 7.4 Sexuality and gender issues
  • 7.5 Catholic sex abuse scandal
• 8 Catholicism today
  • 8.1 Benedict XVI
• 9 See also
• 10 Sources
  • 10.1 Notes
  • 10.2 Footnotes
  • 10.3 References

GANGSTER SLANG

 "You dumb mug, get your mitts off the marbles before I stuff that mud-pipe down your mush - and tell your moll to hand over the mazuma." — Ameche: Telephone — Babe: Woman — Baby: A person, can be said to either a man or a woman — Bangtails: Racehorses — Barbering: Talking — Be on the nut, to: To be broke — Bean-shooter: Gun — Beezer: Nose — Bent cars: Stolen cars — Berries: Dollars — Big house: Jail — Big one, the: Death — Big sleep, the: Death — Bim: Woman — Bindle: 1. of heroin: Little folded-up piece of paper. 2. The bundle in which a hobo carries all his worldy posessions. — Bindle punk: A hobo or derelict hired to do rough or unpleasant work. (Could perhaps refer to a small time drug dealer as well.) — Bindle stiff: One who steals a hobo's bindle — Bing: Crazy ?? — Bird: Guy — Blip off: To kill — Blow: Leave — Blow one down: Kill someone — Blower: Telephone — Bo: Pal, buster, fellow, as in "Hey, bo" — Boiler: Car — Boob: Dumb guy — Boozehound: Drunkard — Bop: To kill — Box job: A safecracking — Brace (somebody): Grab, shake up — Bracelets: Handcuffs — Break it up: Stop that, quit the nonsense — Breeze: To leave, go. Also breeze off - get lost — Broad: Woman — Bucket: Car — Bulge, as in "The kid had the bulge there": The advantage — Bulls: Cops (perhaps plainclothes detectives) — Bump: Kill — Bump off: Kill; also, bump-off - a killing — Buncoing some (people): Defrauding some people — Bunk: 1. As in "That's the bunk" - that's false, untrue. 2. As in "to bunk" - to sleep — Bunny, as in "Don't be a bunny": Don't be stupid. — Burn powder: Fire a gun — Bus: Big car — Butter and egg man: The money man, the man with the bankroll, a yokel who comes to town to blow a big wad in nightclubs. — Button: Face, as in "a poke in the button" — Buttons: Police — Butts: Cigarettes — Buy a drink: To pour a drink — Buzz, as in "I'm in the dump an hour and the house copper gives me the buzz": Looks me up, comes to my door — Buzzer: Policeman's badge — C, or C-note: $100, also a pair of C's = $200 — Cabbage: Money — Caboose: Jail — Call copper: Inform the police — Can: Jail — Can-opener: Safecracker who forces open cheap safes — Case dough: "Nest egg ... the theoretically untouchable reserve for emergencies" — Cat: Guy — Century: $100 — Chew: Eat — Chicago overcoat: A coffin — Chick: Woman — Chilled off: Killed — Chin: A conversation; also chinning = talking — Chin music: A punch on the jaw — Chinese angle, as in "You're not trying to find a Chinese angle on it, are you?": a strange twist (not that Chinese people are actually involved) — Chippy: Woman of easy virtue — Chisel: To swindle or cheat — Chiv, chive: Knife, or other stabbing or cutting weapon — Chopper squad: Guys with machine guns — Clammed: Close-mouthed, as in clammed up — Clean sneak: An escape with no clues left behind — Clip joint: In some cases, a night-club where the prices are high and the patrons are fleeced. Also, a casino where the tables are fixed — Clipped: Shot — Close your head: Shut up — Clubhouse: Police station — Coffee-and-doughnut, as in "These coffee-and-doughnut guns are ...": Could come from "coffee and cakes," which refers to something cheap or of little value. — Conk: Head — Cool, as in "He cooled me": To knock out — Cooler, the: Jail — Cop: 1. Detective, even a private one. 2. To win, as in a bet — Copped: Grabbed by the cops — Copper: 1. Policeman. 2. As in "All time served except his copper" — Corn: Bourbon (as in corn liquor) — Crab: Figure out — Crate: Car — Creep joint: ?? Can mean a whorehouse where the girls are pickpockets, but that doesn't fit here — Croak: To kill — Croaker: Doctor — Crushed out: Escaped (from jail) — Cush: Money (a cushion, something to fall back on) — Cut down: Killed (esp shot?) — Daisy: None-too-masculine — Dame: Woman — Dangle: Leave, get lost — Darb: Something remarkable or superior — Deck, as in "deck of Luckies": Pack of cigarettes — Diapers, as in "Pin your diapers on": Clothes, get dressed — Dib: Share (of the proceeds) — Dick: Detective (usually qualified with "private" if not a policeman) — Dingus: Thing — Dip: Pickpocket — Dip the bill: have a drink — Dive: A low-down, cheap sort of place — Dizzy with a dame, to be: To be deeply iin love with a woman — Do the dance: To be hanged — Dogs: Feet — Doll: Woman — Dope: 1. Drugs, of any sort. 2. Information. 3. As a verb, as in "I had him doped as" - to have figured for — Dope fiend: Drug addict — Dope peddler: Drug dealer — Dormy: Dormant, quiet, as in "Why didn't you lie dormy in the place you climbed to?" — Dough: Money — Drift: Go, leave — Drill: Shoot — Drink out of the same bottle, as in "We used to drink out of the same bottle.": We were close friends — Droppers: Hired killers — Drum: Speakeasy — Dry-gulch: Knock out, hit on head after ambushing — Ducat: Ticket — Duck soup: Easy, a piece of cake — Dummerer: Somebody who pretends to be (deaf and?) dumb in order to appear a more deserving beggar — Dump, as in "We did the dumps": Roadhouse, club; or, more generally, any place — Dust: 1. Nothing, as in "Tinhorns are dust to me". 2. Leave, depart, as in "Let's dust" . 3. A look, as in "Let's give it the dust" — Dust out: Leave, depart — Dutch: 1. As in "in dutch" - trouble. 2. As in "A girl pulled the Dutch act" - committed suicide. 3. As in "They don't make me happy neither. I get a bump once'n a while. Mostly a Dutch." - relates to the police — Egg: Fellow — Eggs in the coffee: Easy, a piece of cake, okay, all right — Elbows, as in "And there's no elbows tagging along": Police — Electric cure: Electrocution — Fade: Get lost — Fakeloo artist: Con man — Fin: $5 bill — Finder: Finger man — Finger, as in put the finger on: Identify — Flat: 1. Broke 2. As in "That's flat" - that's for sure — Flattie: Flatfoot, cop — Flimflamm: Swindle (Op, 23, 251) — Flippers: Hands? (Lake, 139) — Flivver: A Ford automobile — Flogger: Overcoat — Flop: 1. Go to bed. 2. As in "The racket's flopped" - fallen through, not worked out — Fog: To shoot — Frail: Woman — Frau: Wife — From nothing, as in "I know from nothing": I don't know anything — Gashouse, as in "getting gashouse": Rough — Gasper: Cigarette — Gat: Gun — Gate, as in "Give her the gate": The door, as in leave — Gaycat: "A young punk who runs with an older tramp and there is always a connotation of homosexuality" — Gee: Guy — Geetus: Money — Giggle juice: Liquor — Gin mill: Bar (speakeasy?) — Gink: Guy — Girlie: Woman — Give a third: Interrogate (third degree) — Glad rags: Fancy clothes — Glaum: Steal — Glomming: Stealing — Go climb up your thumb: Go fly a kite, go stick your thumb up your ass — Go over the edge with the rams: To get far too drunk — Go to read and write: Rhyming slang for take flight — Gonif: Thief (Yiddish) — Goofy: Crazy — Goon: Thug — Goose: Guy — Gooseberry lay: Stealing clothes from a clothesline — Gowed-up: On dope, high — Grab (a little) air: Put your hands up — Graft, the: 1. Con jobs 2. Cut of the take — Grand: $1000 — Grift, as in "What's the grift?": What are you trying to pull? — Grifter: Con man — Grilled: Questioned — Gum, as in "Don't ... gum every play I make": Gum up, interfere with — Gum-shoe: Detective, also gumshoeing = detective work — Gun for: Look for, be after — Guns: Hoodlums — Gunsel: 1. Gunman (Hammett invented this use). 2. Boy homosexual. 3a. (p) A male oral sodomist, or passive pederast. b. A brat. c. (By extension) An informer; a weasel; an unscrupulous person." 4. (Note) Yiddish "ganzl" = gosling — Hack: Taxi — Half, a: 50 cents — Hammer and saws: Police (rhyming slang for laws) — Hard: Tough — Harlem sunset: Some sort fatal injury caused by knife — Hash house: A cheap restaurant — Hatchetmen: Killers, gunmen — Have the bees: To be rich — Have the curse on someone: Wanting to see someone killed — Head doctors: Psychiatrists — Heap: Car — Heat: A gun, also heater — High pillow: Person at the top, in charge — Highbinders: 1. Corrupt politician or functionary. 2. Professional killer operating in the Chinese quarter of a city. — Hittin' the pipe: Smoking opium — Hitting on all eight: As in cylinders, in good shape, going well — Hock shop: Pawnshop — Hogs: Engines — Hombre: Man, fellow — Hooch: Liquor — Hood: Criminal — Hooker, as in "It took a stiff hooker of whiskey": A drink of strong liquor — Hoosegow: Jail — Hop: 1. Drugs, mostly morphine or derivatives like heroin. 2. Bell-hop (Lake, 73) — Hop-head: Drug addict, esp. heroin — Horn: Telephone — Hot: Stolen — House dick: House detective — House peeper: House detective — Ice: Diamonds — In stir: In jail — Ing-bing, as in to throw an: A fit — Iron: A car — Jack: Money — Jake: Okay — Jakeloo: Okay — Jam: Trouble, as in "in a jam" — Jasper: A man (of a certain type?) — Java: Coffee — Jaw: Talk — Jerking a nod: Nodding — Jingle-brained: Addled — Jobbie: Guy — Joe: Coffee, as in "a cup of joe" — Johns: Police — Joint: Place, as in "my joint" — Jorum of skee: Shot of liquor — Joss house: Temple or house of worship for a Chinese religion — Juice: Interest on a loanshark's loan — Jujus: Marijuana cigarettes — Jump, the: A hanging — Kale: Money — Keister: Suitcase, also spelt keyster (Also means buttocks or safe/strongbox) — Kick, as in "I got no kick": I have nothing to complain about — Kick off: Die — Kisser: Mouth — Knock off: Kill — Knockover: Heist, theft — Lammed off: Ran away, escaped — Large: $1,000, as in "twenty large" — Law, the: The police — Lay: 1. Job, as in Marlowe saying he's on "a confidential lay" ; or more generally, what someone does, as in "The hotel-sneak used to be my lay" 2. As in "I gave him the lay" - I told him where things stood (as in lay of the of land) — Lettuce: Folding money — Lit, to be: To be drunk — Loogan: Marlowe defines this as "a guy with a gun" — Look-out: Outside man — Lousy with: To have lots of — Lug: 1. Dumb Guy. 2. Bullet 3. Ear. — Made: Recognized — Map: Face — Marbles: Pearls — Mazuma: Money — Meat, as in "He's your meat": There's your man, in this case, there's the guy you'll follow — Meat wagon: Ambulance — Mesca: Marijuana — Mickey Finn, take a: 1. Take off, leave. 2. A drink drugged with knock-out drops. — Mill: Typewriter — Mitt: Hand — Mob: Gang (not Mafia) — Moll: Girlfriend — Monicker: Name — Mouthpiece: Lawyer — Mud-pipe: Opium pipe — Mug: Face — Mugs: Guys (esp. dumb) — Mush: Face — Nailed: Caught by the police — Nance: An effeminate man — Nevada gas: Cyanide — Newshawk: Reporter — Newsie: Newspaper vendor — Nibble one: To have a drink — Nicked: Stole — Nippers: Handcuffs — Nix on (something): No to (something) — Noodle: Head — Nose-candy: Cocaine, Heroin in some cases — Number: 1.A person, can be either a man or a woman. 2. To work someone over, as in "you really did a number on that guy." — Off the track, as in "He was too far off the track. Strictly section eight": Said about a man who becomes insanely violent — Op: Detective (esp. private), from "operative" — Orphan paper: Bad cheques — Out on the roof, to be: To drink a lot — Oyster fruit: Pearls — Pack: To carry, esp. a gun — Palooka: Guy, probably a little stupid — Pan: Face — Paste: Punch — Paw: Hand — Peaching: Informing — Peeper: Detective — Pen: Jail, penitentiary — Peterman: Safecracker who uses nitroglycerin — Pigeon: see Stool-pigeon — Pill: 1. Bullet. 2. Cigarette — Pinch: An arrest, capture — Pipe: See or notice — Pipe that: Get that, listen to that — Pipes: Throat — Pistol pockets: ?? heels? — Pitching woo: Making love — Plant: Someone on the scene but in hiding — Plugs: People — Pooped: Killed — Pop: Kill — Pro skirt: Prostitute — Puffing: Mugging — Pug: Boxer — Pump: Heart — Pump metal: Shoot bullets — Punk: Hood, thug — Puss: Face — Put down: Drink — Put the screws on: Question, get tough with — Queer: 1. Counterfeit. 2. Sexually abnormal — Rags: Clothes — Ranked: Observed, watched, given the once-over. — Rap: 1. Criminal charge. 2. Information, as in "He gave us the rap". 3. Hit — Rappers, as in "There were a couple solved for the record, but they were just rappers": Fakes, set-ups — Rat: Inform — Rate: To be good, to count for something — Rats and mice: Dice, i.e. craps — Rattler: Train — Redhot: Some sort of criminal — Reefers: Marijuana cigarettes — Rhino: Money — Ribbed up, as in "I got a Chink ribbed up to get the dope": Set up, arranged for? "I have arranged for a Chinese person to get the information"? — Right: Adjective indicating quality — Right gee: A good fellow — Right guy: A good fellow — Ringers: Fakes — Rod: Gun — Roscoe: Gun — Rub-out: A death — Rube: Bumpkin, easy mark — Rumble, the: The news — Run-out, as in to take the: Leave, escape — Sap: 1. A dumb guy. 2. A blackjack — Sap poison: Getting hit with a sap — Savvy?: Get me? understand? — Sawbuck: $10 — Scatter, as in "And don't bother to call your house peeper and send him up to the scatter": 1. Saloon or speakeasy. 2. A hideout, a room or lodging. — Schnozzle: Nose — Scram out: Leave — Scratch: Money — Scratcher: Forger — Screw: 1. Leave, as in "Let's screw before anybody pops in" 2. Prison guard. — Send over: Send to jail — Shamus: (Private) detective — Sharper: A swindler or sneaky person — Shatting on your uppers: To be broke — Shells: Bullets — Shine: 2. Bootleg whiskey. — Shiv: Knife — Shylock: Loanshark — Shyster: Lawyer — Silk, as in "all silk so far": All okay so far — Sister: Woman — Skate around, as in "She skates around plenty": To be of easy virtue — Skipout: Leave a hotel without paying, or a person who does so — Skirt: Woman — Slant, get a: Take a look — Sleuth: Detective — Slug: 1. As a noun, bullet 2. As a verb, to knock unconscious. — Smell from the barrel, have a: Have a drink — Smoked: Drunk — Snap a cap: Shout — Snatch: Kidnap — Sneak: 1. Leave, get lost, as in "If you're not a waiter, sneak" 2. Type of burglary, as in as in "The hotel-sneak used to be my lay" — Sneeze: Take — Snooper: Detective — Snort (as in of gin): A drink — Snow-bird: (Cocaine) addict — Snowed: To be on drugs (heroin? cocaine?); also snowed up — Soak: To pawn — Sock: Punch — Soup job: To crack a safe using nitroglycerine — Souping the kidneys: ?? driving fast? — Spill: Talk, inform. spill it = tell me — Spinach: Money — Spitting: Talking — Square: Honest, "on the square" = telling the truth — Squirt metal: Shoot bullets — Step off: To be hanged — Sticks of tea: Marijuana cigarettes — Stiff: A corpse — Stool-pigeon or Stoolie: Informer — Stringin': As in along, feeding someone a story — Sucker: Someone ripe for a grifter's scam — Sugar: Money — Swift, to have plenty of: To be fast (on the draw) — Tail: Shadow, follow — Take a powder: Leave — Take it on the heel and toe: Leave — Take on: Eat — Take the air: Leave — Take the bounce: To get kicked out (here, of a hotel) — Take the fall for: Accept punishment for — Tea: Marijuana — That's the crop: That's all of it — Three-spot: Three-year term in jail — Throw a joe: Pass out ?? — Throw lead: Shoot bullets — Ticket: P.I. license — Tiger milk: Some sort of liquor — Tighten the screws: Put pressure on somebody — Tip a few: To have a few drinks — Tip your mitt: Show your hand, reveal something — Tooting the wrong ringer: Asking the wrong person — Torcher: Torch singer — Torpedoes: Gunmen — Trap: Mouth — Trigger man: Guy who does the shooting on a job — Trip for biscuits, as in "You get there fast and you get there alone - or you got a trip for biscuits": Make the trip for no purpose, achieve no results — Trouble boys: Gangsters — Turn up: To turn in (to the police) — Twist: Woman — Two bits: $25, or 25 cents. — Up-and-down, as in "to give something the up-and-down": A look — Uppers, as in "I've been shatting on my uppers for a couple of months now": Broke — Vag, as in vag charge, vag law: Vagrancy — Vig, Vigorish: Interest on a loanshark's loan — Weak sister: A push-over — Wear iron: Carry a gun — Wheats, as in "a stack of wheats": Pancakes — White: 1. Good, okay, as in "white dick". 2. As in a gallon of - gin — Wikiup: Home — Wire, as in "What's the wire on them?": News, "What information do you have about them?" — Wise, to be: To be knowledgeable of, "put us wise" - tell us — Wise head: A smart person — Wooden kimono: A coffin — Worker, as in "She sizes up as a worker": A woman who takes a guy for his money — Wrong gee: Not a good fellow — Wrong number: Not a good fellow — Yank: ?? tough situation? — Yap: Mouth — Yard: $100 — Yegg: Safecracker, "who can only open a rather cheap and vulnerable safe" — Zotzed: KilledGANGSTER SLANG: "You dumb mug, get your mitts off the marbles before I stuff that mud-pipe down your mush - and tell your moll to hand over the mazuma." — Ameche: Telephone — Babe: Woman — Baby: A person, can be said to either a man or a woman — Bangtails: Racehorses — Barbering: Talking — Be on the nut, to: To be broke — Bean-shooter: Gun — Beezer: Nose — Bent cars: Stolen cars — Berries: Dollars — Big house: Jail — Big one, the: Death — Big sleep, the: Death — Bim: Woman — Bindle: 1. of heroin: Little folded-up piece of paper. 2. The bundle in which a hobo carries all his worldy posessions. — Bindle punk: A hobo or derelict hired to do rough or unpleasant work. (Could perhaps refer to a small time drug dealer as well.) — Bindle stiff: One who steals a hobo's bindle — Bing: Crazy ?? — Bird: Guy — Blip off: To kill — Blow: Leave — Blow one down: Kill someone — Blower: Telephone — Bo: Pal, buster, fellow, as in "Hey, bo" — Boiler: Car — Boob: Dumb guy — Boozehound: Drunkard — Bop: To kill — Box job: A safecracking — Brace (somebody): Grab, shake up — Bracelets: Handcuffs — Break it up: Stop that, quit the nonsense — Breeze: To leave, go. Also breeze off - get lost — Broad: Woman — Bucket: Car — Bulge, as in "The kid had the bulge there": The advantage — Bulls: Cops (perhaps plainclothes detectives) — Bump: Kill — Bump off: Kill; also, bump-off - a killing — Buncoing some (people): Defrauding some people — Bunk: 1. As in "That's the bunk" - that's false, untrue. 2. As in "to bunk" - to sleep — Bunny, as in "Don't be a bunny": Don't be stupid. — Burn powder: Fire a gun — Bus: Big car — Butter and egg man: The money man, the man with the bankroll, a yokel who comes to town to blow a big wad in nightclubs. — Button: Face, as in "a poke in the button" — Buttons: Police — Butts: Cigarettes — Buy a drink: To pour a drink — Buzz, as in "I'm in the dump an hour and the house copper gives me the buzz": Looks me up, comes to my door — Buzzer: Policeman's badge — C, or C-note: $100, also a pair of C's = $200 — Cabbage: Money — Caboose: Jail — Call copper: Inform the police — Can: Jail — Can-opener: Safecracker who forces open cheap safes — Case dough: "Nest egg ... the theoretically untouchable reserve for emergencies" — Cat: Guy — Century: $100 — Chew: Eat — Chicago overcoat: A coffin — Chick: Woman — Chilled off: Killed — Chin: A conversation; also chinning = talking — Chin music: A punch on the jaw — Chinese angle, as in "You're not trying to find a Chinese angle on it, are you?": a strange twist (not that Chinese people are actually involved) — Chippy: Woman of easy virtue — Chisel: To swindle or cheat — Chiv, chive: Knife, or other stabbing or cutting weapon — Chopper squad: Guys with machine guns — Clammed: Close-mouthed, as in clammed up — Clean sneak: An escape with no clues left behind — Clip joint: In some cases, a night-club where the prices are high and the patrons are fleeced. Also, a casino where the tables are fixed — Clipped: Shot — Close your head: Shut up — Clubhouse: Police station — Coffee-and-doughnut, as in "These coffee-and-doughnut guns are ...": Could come from "coffee and cakes," which refers to something cheap or of little value. — Conk: Head — Cool, as in "He cooled me": To knock out — Cooler, the: Jail — Cop: 1. Detective, even a private one. 2. To win, as in a bet — Copped: Grabbed by the cops — Copper: 1. Policeman. 2. As in "All time served except his copper" — Corn: Bourbon (as in corn liquor) — Crab: Figure out — Crate: Car — Creep joint: ?? Can mean a whorehouse where the girls are pickpockets, but that doesn't fit here — Croak: To kill — Croaker: Doctor — Crushed out: Escaped (from jail) — Cush: Money (a cushion, something to fall back on) — Cut down: Killed (esp shot?) — Daisy: None-too-masculine — Dame: Woman — Dangle: Leave, get lost — Darb: Something remarkable or superior — Deck, as in "deck of Luckies": Pack of cigarettes — Diapers, as in "Pin your diapers on": Clothes, get dressed — Dib: Share (of the proceeds) — Dick: Detective (usually qualified with "private" if not a policeman) — Dingus: Thing — Dip: Pickpocket — Dip the bill: have a drink — Dive: A low-down, cheap sort of place — Dizzy with a dame, to be: To be deeply iin love with a woman — Do the dance: To be hanged — Dogs: Feet — Doll: Woman — Dope: 1. Drugs, of any sort. 2. Information. 3. As a verb, as in "I had him doped as" - to have figured for — Dope fiend: Drug addict — Dope peddler: Drug dealer — Dormy: Dormant, quiet, as in "Why didn't you lie dormy in the place you climbed to?" — Dough: Money — Drift: Go, leave — Drill: Shoot — Drink out of the same bottle, as in "We used to drink out of the same bottle.": We were close friends — Droppers: Hired killers — Drum: Speakeasy — Dry-gulch: Knock out, hit on head after ambushing — Ducat: Ticket — Duck soup: Easy, a piece of cake — Dummerer: Somebody who pretends to be (deaf and?) dumb in order to appear a more deserving beggar — Dump, as in "We did the dumps": Roadhouse, club; or, more generally, any place — Dust: 1. Nothing, as in "Tinhorns are dust to me". 2. Leave, depart, as in "Let's dust" . 3. A look, as in "Let's give it the dust" — Dust out: Leave, depart — Dutch: 1. As in "in dutch" - trouble. 2. As in "A girl pulled the Dutch act" - committed suicide. 3. As in "They don't make me happy neither. I get a bump once'n a while. Mostly a Dutch." - relates to the police — Egg: Fellow — Eggs in the coffee: Easy, a piece of cake, okay, all right — Elbows, as in "And there's no elbows tagging along": Police — Electric cure: Electrocution — Fade: Get lost — Fakeloo artist: Con man — Fin: $5 bill — Finder: Finger man — Finger, as in put the finger on: Identify — Flat: 1. Broke 2. As in "That's flat" - that's for sure — Flattie: Flatfoot, cop — Flimflamm: Swindle (Op, 23, 251) — Flippers: Hands? (Lake, 139) — Flivver: A Ford automobile — Flogger: Overcoat — Flop: 1. Go to bed. 2. As in "The racket's flopped" - fallen through, not worked out — Fog: To shoot — Frail: Woman — Frau: Wife — From nothing, as in "I know from nothing": I don't know anything — Gashouse, as in "getting gashouse": Rough — Gasper: Cigarette — Gat: Gun — Gate, as in "Give her the gate": The door, as in leave — Gaycat: "A young punk who runs with an older tramp and there is always a connotation of homosexuality" — Gee: Guy — Geetus: Money — Giggle juice: Liquor — Gin mill: Bar (speakeasy?) — Gink: Guy — Girlie: Woman — Give a third: Interrogate (third degree) — Glad rags: Fancy clothes — Glaum: Steal — Glomming: Stealing — Go climb up your thumb: Go fly a kite, go stick your thumb up your ass — Go over the edge with the rams: To get far too drunk — Go to read and write: Rhyming slang for take flight — Gonif: Thief (Yiddish) — Goofy: Crazy — Goon: Thug — Goose: Guy — Gooseberry lay: Stealing clothes from a clothesline — Gowed-up: On dope, high — Grab (a little) air: Put your hands up — Graft, the: 1. Con jobs 2. Cut of the take — Grand: $1000 — Grift, as in "What's the grift?": What are you trying to pull? — Grifter: Con man — Grilled: Questioned — Gum, as in "Don't ... gum every play I make": Gum up, interfere with — Gum-shoe: Detective, also gumshoeing = detective work — Gun for: Look for, be after — Guns: Hoodlums — Gunsel: 1. Gunman (Hammett invented this use). 2. Boy homosexual. 3a. (p) A male oral sodomist, or passive pederast. b. A brat. c. (By extension) An informer; a weasel; an unscrupulous person." 4. (Note) Yiddish "ganzl" = gosling — Hack: Taxi — Half, a: 50 cents — Hammer and saws: Police (rhyming slang for laws) — Hard: Tough — Harlem sunset: Some sort fatal injury caused by knife — Hash house: A cheap restaurant — Hatchetmen: Killers, gunmen — Have the bees: To be rich — Have the curse on someone: Wanting to see someone killed — Head doctors: Psychiatrists — Heap: Car — Heat: A gun, also heater — High pillow: Person at the top, in charge — Highbinders: 1. Corrupt politician or functionary. 2. Professional killer operating in the Chinese quarter of a city. — Hittin' the pipe: Smoking opium — Hitting on all eight: As in cylinders, in good shape, going well — Hock shop: Pawnshop — Hogs: Engines — Hombre: Man, fellow — Hooch: Liquor — Hood: Criminal — Hooker, as in "It took a stiff hooker of whiskey": A drink of strong liquor — Hoosegow: Jail — Hop: 1. Drugs, mostly morphine or derivatives like heroin. 2. Bell-hop (Lake, 73) — Hop-head: Drug addict, esp. heroin — Horn: Telephone — Hot: Stolen — House dick: House detective — House peeper: House detective — Ice: Diamonds — In stir: In jail — Ing-bing, as in to throw an: A fit — Iron: A car — Jack: Money — Jake: Okay — Jakeloo: Okay — Jam: Trouble, as in "in a jam" — Jasper: A man (of a certain type?) — Java: Coffee — Jaw: Talk — Jerking a nod: Nodding — Jingle-brained: Addled — Jobbie: Guy — Joe: Coffee, as in "a cup of joe" — Johns: Police — Joint: Place, as in "my joint" — Jorum of skee: Shot of liquor — Joss house: Temple or house of worship for a Chinese religion — Juice: Interest on a loanshark's loan — Jujus: Marijuana cigarettes — Jump, the: A hanging — Kale: Money — Keister: Suitcase, also spelt keyster (Also means buttocks or safe/strongbox) — Kick, as in "I got no kick": I have nothing to complain about — Kick off: Die — Kisser: Mouth — Knock off: Kill — Knockover: Heist, theft — Lammed off: Ran away, escaped — Large: $1,000, as in "twenty large" — Law, the: The police — Lay: 1. Job, as in Marlowe saying he's on "a confidential lay" ; or more generally, what someone does, as in "The hotel-sneak used to be my lay" 2. As in "I gave him the lay" - I told him where things stood (as in lay of the of land) — Lettuce: Folding money — Lit, to be: To be drunk — Loogan: Marlowe defines this as "a guy with a gun" — Look-out: Outside man — Lousy with: To have lots of — Lug: 1. Dumb Guy. 2. Bullet 3. Ear. — Made: Recognized — Map: Face — Marbles: Pearls — Mazuma: Money — Meat, as in "He's your meat": There's your man, in this case, there's the guy you'll follow — Meat wagon: Ambulance — Mesca: Marijuana — Mickey Finn, take a: 1. Take off, leave. 2. A drink drugged with knock-out drops. — Mill: Typewriter — Mitt: Hand — Mob: Gang (not Mafia) — Moll: Girlfriend — Monicker: Name — Mouthpiece: Lawyer — Mud-pipe: Opium pipe — Mug: Face — Mugs: Guys (esp. dumb) — Mush: Face — Nailed: Caught by the police — Nance: An effeminate man — Nevada gas: Cyanide — Newshawk: Reporter — Newsie: Newspaper vendor — Nibble one: To have a drink — Nicked: Stole — Nippers: Handcuffs — Nix on (something): No to (something) — Noodle: Head — Nose-candy: Cocaine, Heroin in some cases — Number: 1.A person, can be either a man or a woman. 2. To work someone over, as in "you really did a number on that guy." — Off the track, as in "He was too far off the track. Strictly section eight": Said about a man who becomes insanely violent — Op: Detective (esp. private), from "operative" — Orphan paper: Bad cheques — Out on the roof, to be: To drink a lot — Oyster fruit: Pearls — Pack: To carry, esp. a gun — Palooka: Guy, probably a little stupid — Pan: Face — Paste: Punch — Paw: Hand — Peaching: Informing — Peeper: Detective — Pen: Jail, penitentiary — Peterman: Safecracker who uses nitroglycerin — Pigeon: see Stool-pigeon — Pill: 1. Bullet. 2. Cigarette — Pinch: An arrest, capture — Pipe: See or notice — Pipe that: Get that, listen to that — Pipes: Throat — Pistol pockets: ?? heels? — Pitching woo: Making love — Plant: Someone on the scene but in hiding — Plugs: People — Pooped: Killed — Pop: Kill — Pro skirt: Prostitute — Puffing: Mugging — Pug: Boxer — Pump: Heart — Pump metal: Shoot bullets — Punk: Hood, thug — Puss: Face — Put down: Drink — Put the screws on: Question, get tough with — Queer: 1. Counterfeit. 2. Sexually abnormal — Rags: Clothes — Ranked: Observed, watched, given the once-over. — Rap: 1. Criminal charge. 2. Information, as in "He gave us the rap". 3. Hit — Rappers, as in "There were a couple solved for the record, but they were just rappers": Fakes, set-ups — Rat: Inform — Rate: To be good, to count for something — Rats and mice: Dice, i.e. craps — Rattler: Train — Redhot: Some sort of criminal — Reefers: Marijuana cigarettes — Rhino: Money — Ribbed up, as in "I got a Chink ribbed up to get the dope": Set up, arranged for? "I have arranged for a Chinese person to get the information"? — Right: Adjective indicating quality — Right gee: A good fellow — Right guy: A good fellow — Ringers: Fakes — Rod: Gun — Roscoe: Gun — Rub-out: A death — Rube: Bumpkin, easy mark — Rumble, the: The news — Run-out, as in to take the: Leave, escape — Sap: 1. A dumb guy. 2. A blackjack — Sap poison: Getting hit with a sap — Savvy?: Get me? understand? — Sawbuck: $10 — Scatter, as in "And don't bother to call your house peeper and send him up to the scatter": 1. Saloon or speakeasy. 2. A hideout, a room or lodging. — Schnozzle: Nose — Scram out: Leave — Scratch: Money — Scratcher: Forger — Screw: 1. Leave, as in "Let's screw before anybody pops in" 2. Prison guard. — Send over: Send to jail — Shamus: (Private) detective — Sharper: A swindler or sneaky person — Shatting on your uppers: To be broke — Shells: Bullets — Shine: 2. Bootleg whiskey. — Shiv: Knife — Shylock: Loanshark — Shyster: Lawyer — Silk, as in "all silk so far": All okay so far — Sister: Woman — Skate around, as in "She skates around plenty": To be of easy virtue — Skipout: Leave a hotel without paying, or a person who does so — Skirt: Woman — Slant, get a: Take a look — Sleuth: Detective — Slug: 1. As a noun, bullet 2. As a verb, to knock unconscious. — Smell from the barrel, have a: Have a drink — Smoked: Drunk — Snap a cap: Shout — Snatch: Kidnap — Sneak: 1. Leave, get lost, as in "If you're not a waiter, sneak" 2. Type of burglary, as in as in "The hotel-sneak used to be my lay" — Sneeze: Take — Snooper: Detective — Snort (as in of gin): A drink — Snow-bird: (Cocaine) addict — Snowed: To be on drugs (heroin? cocaine?); also snowed up — Soak: To pawn — Sock: Punch — Soup job: To crack a safe using nitroglycerine — Souping the kidneys: ?? driving fast? — Spill: Talk, inform. spill it = tell me — Spinach: Money — Spitting: Talking — Square: Honest, "on the square" = telling the truth — Squirt metal: Shoot bullets — Step off: To be hanged — Sticks of tea: Marijuana cigarettes — Stiff: A corpse — Stool-pigeon or Stoolie: Informer — Stringin': As in along, feeding someone a story — Sucker: Someone ripe for a grifter's scam — Sugar: Money — Swift, to have plenty of: To be fast (on the draw) — Tail: Shadow, follow — Take a powder: Leave — Take it on the heel and toe: Leave — Take on: Eat — Take the air: Leave — Take the bounce: To get kicked out (here, of a hotel) — Take the fall for: Accept punishment for — Tea: Marijuana — That's the crop: That's all of it — Three-spot: Three-year term in jail — Throw a joe: Pass out ?? — Throw lead: Shoot bullets — Ticket: P.I. license — Tiger milk: Some sort of liquor — Tighten the screws: Put pressure on somebody — Tip a few: To have a few drinks — Tip your mitt: Show your hand, reveal something — Tooting the wrong ringer: Asking the wrong person — Torcher: Torch singer — Torpedoes: Gunmen — Trap: Mouth — Trigger man: Guy who does the shooting on a job — Trip for biscuits, as in "You get there fast and you get there alone - or you got a trip for biscuits": Make the trip for no purpose, achieve no results — Trouble boys: Gangsters — Turn up: To turn in (to the police) — Twist: Woman — Two bits: $25, or 25 cents. — Up-and-down, as in "to give something the up-and-down": A look — Uppers, as in "I've been shatting on my uppers for a couple of months now": Broke — Vag, as in vag charge, vag law: Vagrancy — Vig, Vigorish: Interest on a loanshark's loan — Weak sister: A push-over — Wear iron: Carry a gun — Wheats, as in "a stack of wheats": Pancakes — White: 1. Good, okay, as in "white dick". 2. As in a gallon of - gin — Wikiup: Home — Wire, as in "What's the wire on them?": News, "What information do you have about them?" — Wise, to be: To be knowledgeable of, "put us wise" - tell us — Wise head: A smart person — Wooden kimono: A coffin — Worker, as in "She sizes up as a worker": A woman who takes a guy for his money — Wrong gee: Not a good fellow — Wrong number: Not a good fellow — Yank: ?? tough situation? — Yap: Mouth — Yard: $100 — Yegg: Safecracker, "who can only open a rather cheap and vulnerable safe" — Zotzed: Killed

MY GHETTO DREAM

                               
                                                          MA GHETTO DREAMZ
                               

Who are you to judge me? Do you know what the fuck I have been through in this planet of doom? Damn! Only God can judge my iniquities ̕cause I know how it feels to wake up fucked up, ma pockets broke as hell, Niggaz rock to sell. People look at me like youse the user ̕cause am sellin’ drugs to all the looserz, mad budha abuserz. But they don’t know ̕bout ma stress-filled day, ma bitch on the way mad bills to pay that’s why I drink tanqueray; so I can reminisce and wish ̕cause I wasn’t livin’ so devilish.

   I remember I was just like you smokin’ blunts and yayo̕s with ma crews flippin̕ over 22̕s ̕cause I came into this vale of perdition through CEASERIAN SECTION and that’s why ma momma likes me. She was forced to cross the styx, no doubt then I figured out lickz went to thirty down south. Packed up ma toolz for ma raw power move, glock nineteen for casket and flower movez. For popoʹs tryna stop ma flow and what they don’t know will show on the autopsy. Went to see the G-starz to cop me a brick, ask for some consignment he wasn’t tryna hear it. Smokinʹ mad Newport cause am due in court for an assault I was caught in Bridgeport, Newport. Catch me if you can like the ginger-bread man, you better have your gat in hand cause…

    This sordid life remind me of quick sand when you on it, you keep goinʹ down and thereʹs no one to hold on to, thereʹs no one to pull you out so you end up in self distruction. Dark memories when there was no sunshine, some say I wonʹt make it cause I was holdinʹ on, on what God gave me.

   All ma haterz, fake homies and ma gold-digginʹ bitchez left me on the lurch thinkinʹ that ARCH-LEGEND will kiss there goddamned fuckinʹ ass, but I said HELL-NO.I believe that a niggas lyfe style is unorthodox .Been a nigga, a real G for that matter, I don’t give a shit to any snitchinʹ and motherfuckinʹ vulturez cause I believe in do or die; that’s why I pledge a long life with ma G-code. Niggas askin̕ me; why am I so addicted in this shit but I told them that I learnt it in the sky and fell on the street, jumpin̕ into this blood-raged game with passion and fury, married to the game like a fuck for chrismas, mixin̕ cocaine and weed with soda powder.

   Ma lyfez stylez be close captioned addicted to fatal attractionz, picturez of actionz be played back in the midst of mashin̕. No fairy-tales for this young black male, some see me stranded in this land of hell, cell, jail and cracksalez. Hustlin̕ and been a niggaz  culturez or the repercutionz, while bustin̕ on backstabbin̕ vulturez. Sellin̕ ma dreamz to material wishez, fast carz and bitchez. Wishin̕ I live ma lyfe a legend immortalized in picturez. but Alas!we met our waterloo at Belgium. Some niggas who crossed the line got clapped, some been locked up by popo̕s, some under the suds,otherz been eaten  alive by Idi amin.

   Why shed tears, save your sympathy; ma childhood was spent buryin̕ ma parents in the cemetery. Here is a message to the newborn niggaz and bitchez; waitin̕ to breath, if you believe, you can achieve. Just look at me, against all odds though lyfe is too hard I carry on, livin̕ in the projects, broke with no lights on. To all the seeds that follow me protect your essence, born with less but still precious.

   There is no need to cherish luxury ʹcause everything come and go, even the lyfe you have is borrowed ̕cause you ain̕t promised tomorrow. So live your lyfe in the fringe like everyday gonna be your last ʹcause in this vale of tearz once you step forward there is no movinʹ back.Only if you are willin̕ to pray to God, tomorrow gonna be a better day for you.

      itʹs  a funny thing, I kinda realize how notorious lil̕ iyke and I was, you know what am sayinʹ cause iyke was a strong dude. Aye, I know him we two individual niggaz, we waged a coastal beef but  even though we were goin̕ through our drama; I would never wish death to anybody ʹcause there aint comin̕ back.

                                                 BY ARCH-LEGEND DE MARIEʹ
                                                 E-MAIL : arch.legend@yahoo.com
                                                 WEBSITE: http://www.archlegend.blogspot.com
                                                 PHONE : 08034039654

PSALM 91

¹ Whoever dwells in the shelter of the Most High
    will rest in the shadow of the Almighty.^[a]
2 I will say of the Lord, “He is my refuge and my fortress,
    my God, in whom I trust.”

³ Surely he will save you
    from the fowler’s snare
    and from the deadly pestilence.
⁴ He will cover you with his feathers,
    and under his wings you will find refuge;
    his faithfulness will be your shield and rampart.
⁵ You will not fear the terror of night,
    nor the arrow that flies by day,
⁶ nor the pestilence that stalks in the darkness,
    nor the plague that destroys at midday.
⁷ A thousand may fall at your side,
    ten thousand at your right hand,
    but it will not come near you.
⁸ You will only observe with your eyes
    and see the punishment of the wicked.

⁹ If you say, “The Lord is my refuge,”
    and you make the Most High your dwelling,
¹⁰ no harm will overtake you,
    no disaster will come near your tent.
¹¹ For he will command his angels concerning you
    to guard you in all your ways;
¹² they will lift you up in their hands,
    so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.
¹³ You will tread on the lion and the cobra;
    you will trample the great lion and the serpent.

¹⁴ “Because he^[b] loves me,” says the Lord, “I will rescue him;
    I will protect him, for he acknowledges my name.
¹⁵ He will call on me, and I will answer him;
    I will be with him in trouble,
    I will deliver him and honor him.
¹⁶ With long life I will satisfy him
    and show him my salvation.”